SEMINAR

PROBLEM SOLVING METHOD

INTRODUCTION

Problem solving consists of using generic or ad hoc methods, in an orderly manner , for finding solutions to problems . Some of the problem solving technique developed and used in artificial intelligence, computer science, engineering, mathematics, medicines etc. are related to mental problem solving techniques studied in psychology.

Have good strong problem solving skills can make a huge difference to your career. Solving this problem involves both analytical and creative skills.

Define the problem

Diagnose the situation so that your focus is on the problem, not just its symptoms helpful technique at this stage include using flow charts to identify the expected steps of a process and cause-and –effect diagrams to define  and analyze root cause.

GENERATE ALTERNATIVE SOLUTION

Postpone the selection of one solution until several alternatives have been proposed. Having a standard with which to compare the characteristics of the final solution is not the same as defining the desired result. A standard allows us to evaluate the different intended result offered by alternatives .It is very difficult to collect good information about the process. Considering multiple alternatives can significantly enhance the value of the final solution. Brain storming and team problem solving techniques are useful tools in this stage of problem solving.

       EVALUATE AND SELECT AN ALTERNATIVE

A series of considerations when selecting the best alternative are:

·     A particular alternative will solve the problem without causing other unanticipated problems.

·     All the individuals involved will accept the alternative.

·     Implementation of the alternatives is likely.

·     The alternative fits within the organizational constraints.

PROBLEMSOLVING METHOD

In the words of Hammonds , “Problem solving in teaching refers to the task making decisions or doing things that learner wants to make or to do , the nature of which he is able to understand but for which at the time he has no solution.”

STEPS OF PROBLEM SOLVING METHOD

1.                        Selection of the problem.

2.                        Presentation of the problem.

3.                        Collection of facts.

4.                        Drawing an outline.

5.                        To reach a satisfactory conclusion.

6.                        Evaluation.

7.                        Writing report.

MERITS

1.                        Students learn to find the solution of their problem themselves.

2.                        They develop the power of observation and argumentation.

3.                        They are capable to generalize.

4.                        They are familiar with the process of the collection of data, evaluation and drawing inferences.

5.                        They learn to use old facts in new references.

6.                        They develop a feeling of working together.

It is based on “Learning by doing”.

DEMERITS

1.            It is wastage of time and energy.

2.            There is always a doubt of drawing wrong conclusions.

3.            In order to practice this method talented teachers are required.

This method is not suitable for junior classes.

REFERENCE

·     Nursery Teachers Training Manual –B.L.SHARMA &   R.L SAXENA.

(Published by Vinay Rakheja 2013)

SUBMITTED  BY

RENJITHA R .V